机器学习的回归分支纯粹集中于连续值的预测。监督学习分支具有许多基于回归的方法,具有参数和非参数学习模型。在本文中,我们旨在针对与基于距离的回归模型相关的非常微妙的点。所使用的基于距离的模型是K-Nearest邻居回归器,它是一种监督的非参数方法。我们要证明的观点是模型的k参数的效果及其影响指标的波动。我们使用的指标是根平方误差和R平方拟合的优点,其值相对于K值的值表示。
translated by 谷歌翻译
已经配制了许多预后方法,用于早期发现使用机器学习的PCOS的多囊卵巢综合征。PCOS是二进制分类问题。减少方法对机器学习的性能变得更大,并且使用监督的维度减少方法可以给我们一个新的边缘来解决这个问题。在本文中,我们将不同尺寸的判别分析与线性和二次形式进行不同尺寸,以及二进制分类以及度量。与许多常用的分类算法相比,我们能够达到良好的准确性和判别分析的变化,并且使用二次判别分析达到95.92%的95.92%的测试精度。纸张还提供了具有可视化的数据,以便更深入地了解问题。
translated by 谷歌翻译
利用恒星精度利用机器学习技术使用临床资料的预后,是目前最重要的真实世界挑战之一。考虑到又称PCOS的多囊卵巢综合征的医学问题是15至49岁的女性的新出现问题。通过使用各种升压集合方法诊断这种疾病是我们本文提出的。自适应提升,渐变升压机,XGBoost和Catboost之间的详细和简化差异,具有各自的性能指标突出显示数据中的隐藏异常及其对结果的影响是我们在本文中提出的。本文已经使用了混淆矩阵,精度,召回,F1得分,FPR,ROC曲线和AUC等度量。
translated by 谷歌翻译
航空车遵循基于纬度,经度和高度的引导方法。该信息可用于计算沿轨迹线的机动车辆的机动状态。这是一个二进制分类问题,可以利用机器学习来解决此类问题。在本文中,我们提出了一种使用线性,距离度量,判别分析和增强合奏监督学习方法来得出机动状态及其预测的方法。我们在结果部分中沿行沿线提供各种指标,从而对适当的算法进行了简短的比较,以预测操纵状态。
translated by 谷歌翻译
Sepsis is a deadly condition affecting many patients in the hospital. Recent studies have shown that patients diagnosed with sepsis have significant mortality and morbidity, resulting from the body's dysfunctional host response to infection. Clinicians often rely on the use of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), and the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) to identify early signs of clinical deterioration requiring further work-up and treatment. However, many of these tools are manually computed and were not designed for automated computation. There have been different methods used for developing sepsis onset models, but many of these models must be trained on a sufficient number of patient observations in order to form accurate sepsis predictions. Additionally, the accurate annotation of patients with sepsis is a major ongoing challenge. In this paper, we propose the use of Active Learning Recurrent Neural Networks (ALRts) for short temporal horizons to improve the prediction of irregularly sampled temporal events such as sepsis. We show that an active learning RNN model trained on limited data can form robust sepsis predictions comparable to models using the entire training dataset.
translated by 谷歌翻译
There are many potential benefits to news readers accessing diverse sources. Modern news aggregators do the hard work of organizing the news, offering readers a plethora of source options, but choosing which source to read remains challenging. We propose a new framework to assist readers in identifying source differences and gaining an understanding of news coverage diversity. The framework is based on the generation of Discord Questions: questions with a diverse answer pool, explicitly illustrating source differences. To assemble a prototype of the framework, we focus on two components: (1) discord question generation, the task of generating questions answered differently by sources, for which we propose an automatic scoring method, and create a model that improves performance from current question generation (QG) methods by 5%, (2) answer consolidation, the task of grouping answers to a question that are semantically similar, for which we collect data and repurpose a method that achieves 81% balanced accuracy on our realistic test set. We illustrate the framework's feasibility through a prototype interface. Even though model performance at discord QG still lags human performance by more than 15%, generated questions are judged to be more interesting than factoid questions and can reveal differences in the level of detail, sentiment, and reasoning of sources in news coverage.
translated by 谷歌翻译
This work proposes Multi-task Meta Learning (MTML), integrating two learning paradigms Multi-Task Learning (MTL) and meta learning, to bring together the best of both worlds. In particular, it focuses simultaneous learning of multiple tasks, an element of MTL and promptly adapting to new tasks with fewer data, a quality of meta learning. It is important to highlight that we focus on heterogeneous tasks, which are of distinct kind, in contrast to typically considered homogeneous tasks (e.g., if all tasks are classification or if all tasks are regression tasks). The fundamental idea is to train a multi-task model, such that when an unseen task is introduced, it can learn in fewer steps whilst offering a performance at least as good as conventional single task learning on the new task or inclusion within the MTL. By conducting various experiments, we demonstrate this paradigm on two datasets and four tasks: NYU-v2 and the taskonomy dataset for which we perform semantic segmentation, depth estimation, surface normal estimation, and edge detection. MTML achieves state-of-the-art results for most of the tasks. Although semantic segmentation suffers quantitatively, our MTML method learns to identify segmentation classes absent in the pseudo labelled ground truth of the taskonomy dataset.
translated by 谷歌翻译
经验丰富的用户通常在解决现实世界优化问题方面具有有用的知识和直觉。用户知识可以作为可变关系的配方,以帮助优化算法更快地找到良好的解决方案。此类间相互作用也可以自动从优化运行中的中间迭代中发现的高性能解决方案中自动学习 - 一种称为Innovization的过程。如果用户对这些关系进行审查,则可以在新生成的解决方案中执行,以将优化算法引导到搜索空间中实际上有希望的区域。对于大规模问题,这种可变关系的数量可能很高,就会出现挑战。本文提出了一个基于交互式知识的进化多目标优化(IK-EMO)框架,该框架将隐藏的可变关系提取为从不断发展的高性能解决方案中的知识,与用户共享它们以接收反馈,并将其应用于优化提高其有效性的过程。知识提取过程使用系统而优雅的图形分析方法,该方法与变量数量很好地缩放。在三个大规模的现实世界工程设计问题上证明了拟议的IK-EMO的工作。提出的知识提取过程和高性能解决方案的实现的简单性和优雅迅速表明了所提出的框架的力量。提出的结果应激发进一步的基于相互作用的优化研究,以实践其常规使用。
translated by 谷歌翻译
间接歧视是算法模型中主要关注的问题。在保险定价中尤其如此,不允许使用保护保单持有人特征进行保险定价。简单地忽略受保护的保单持有人的信息不是一个适当的解决方案,因为这仍然允许从非保护特征中推断出受保护特征的可能性。这导致所谓的代理或间接歧视。尽管代理歧视在质量上与机器学习中的集体公平概念不同,但提出了这些群体公平概念,以“平滑”受保护特征在计算保险价格中的影响。本说明的目的是根据保险定价分享有关团体公平概念的一些想法,并讨论其含义。我们提出了一个没有替代歧视的统计模型,因此从保险定价的角度来看,没有问题。但是,我们发现该统计模型中的规范价格无法满足三个最受欢迎的集体公正公理中的任何一个。这似乎令人困惑,我们欢迎对我们的示例和这些集体公正公理对非歧视性保险定价的有用性的反馈。
translated by 谷歌翻译
在恶性原发性脑肿瘤中,癌细胞浸润到周围的脑结构中,导致不可避免的复发。对周围区域的浸润性异质性(活检或切除可能是危险的区域)的定量评估对于临床决策很重要。以前关于表征周围区域浸润性异质性的工作使用了各种成像方式,但是已经探索了细胞外无水运动限制的信息。在这里,我们通过使用基于扩散的张量成像(DTI)的自由水量分数图来表征一组独特的人工智能(AI)标记,从而捕获肿瘤浸润的异质性,从而捕获肿瘤的异质性。首先通过利用胶质母细胞瘤和脑转移的广泛不同的水扩散性能作为在周围肿瘤组织中有和没有浸润的区域的区域,首先提取了一种新型的基于体素的深度学习周围微环境指数(PMI)。均匀高PMI值的局部枢纽的描述性特征被提取为基于AI的标记,以捕获渗透性异质性的不同方面。提出的标记物应用于两个临床用例,对275个成人型弥漫性神经胶质瘤的独立人群(4级)分析,分析异氯酸盐 - 脱水酶1(IDH1) - wildtypes之间的生存持续时间以及带有IDH1-杀剂的差异。我们的发现提供了一系列标记物作为浸润的替代物,可捕获有关周围微观结构异质性生物学潜在生物学的独特见解,使其成为与生存和分子分层有关的预后生物标志物,并具有潜在的适用性在临床决策中。
translated by 谷歌翻译